Studies, Publications, Abstracts, & Presentations

Studies - Current

    Intravenous Magnesium: Prompt use for Asthma in Children Treated in the Emergency Department (IMPACT-ED)

    Summary

    This pilot trial is a first step to determine if a simple and inexpensive medicine, intravenous magnesium sulfate (IV Mg), can improve outcomes of children treated in emergency departments for severe acute asthma. This pilot trial will enroll 90 children across three hospitals and evaluate giving IVMg or placebo early in ED treatment when the impact on hospitalization would be greatest, characterize changes in blood pressure when IV Mg is given, and collect information necessary to understand what dose of IV Mg is likely to be most effective.

    Health Impact

    These results will inform the development of a large multicenter trial of IVMg to conclusively answer whether IV Mg given in the ED can prevent hospitalization for these children. If IVMg reduces hospitalization as reported by small prior trials, increased use could reduce hospitalizations by16,500 a year, produce direct cost savings of $60 million yearly, and decrease indirect costs of missed school and work.

    Hyperhydration to Improve Kidney Outcomes in Children with Shiga Toxin-Producing E. Coli (HIKO STEC) – NEW PUBLICATION

    Summary

    This planning study will allow us to finalize RCT design, outcome measures, eligibility criteria, intervention and control arms, sample size, analysis plan and the preparation of study related materials. The CDC estimates that in the U.S., each year, over 175,000 individuals are infected by Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC). A complication of STEC infections is the hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Preliminary data indicates that early volume expansion prior to the development of HUS can mitigate the complications of HUS.

    Health Impact

    This planning study will facilitate the implementation of a trial which has the potential to save lives, reduce acute and chronic morbidity, shorten length of stay if and when HUS develop in children infected with STEC.

    https://trialsjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13063-023-07379-w#Sec58

    Evaluating Tranexamic Acid (TXA) in Children with Traumatic Injuries (TIC-TOC)

    Summary

    This pilot and feasibility study is a double-blind, randomized controlled trial of 40 patients to provide safety and efficacy data on the use of TXA in severely injured children with torso and/or head injuries. Recent evidence in injured adults indicates that treatment with tranexamic acid (TXA) decreases mortality and blood-transfusion requirements following traumatic hemorrhage; however, TXA has not been appropriately studied in children with hemorrhagic injuries.

    Health Impact

    May reduce blood transfusions and morbidity in children with head and torso injuries.

    The Effect of Emergency Department and After-Emergency Department Analgesic Treatment on Pediatric Long Bone Fracture Outcomes (LongBone) (IMPROVE)

    Summary

    A large multi-center comparative effectiveness study of children with long bone fractures to evaluate the short-term effectiveness of pain treatments during and after ED care. Fracture pain is a common reason for pain in children and the current opioid crisis poses a challenge for ED providers in prescribing analgesic medications. There is currently insufficient evidence to recommend a definitive ED analgesic regimen for children with a fracture.

    Health Impact

    To identify the most effective method of providing pain relief for children with fracture pain using non opioid analgesic to avoid opioid risk when not necessary.

    RNA Biosignatures: A Paradigm Change for the Management of Young Febrile Infants (Biosignatures II)

    Summary

    This study of 2100-2800 infants will refine, validate, and test the clinical utility of RNA biosignatures in practice. Clinicians struggle to differentiate between viral versus bacterial causes for fevers in infants, leading to ineffective or over treatment. RNA bio signatures from a blood sample can distinguish bacterial infections vs. nonbacterial infections.

    Health Impact

    Could allow early identification of febrile infants with bacterial infections and avoid unnecessary testing, antibiotics and hospitalization for those that do not need it and reduce morbidity and mortality through appropriate and timely treatment.

    Do I really need to LP a febrile infant with a UTI?

     

    Pragmatic Pediatric Trial of Balanced Versus Normal Saline (NS) Fluid in Sepsis (PRoMPT BOLUS)

    Summary

    In this pragmatic randomized comparative effectiveness trial that will enroll 8,930 children with suspected septic shock across PECARN hospitals, and will test the hypothesis that resuscitation with lactated Ringer’s (LR) improves hospital mortality, reduces kidney injury, and lowers length of stay compared to resuscitation with normal saline (NS). Sepsis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children, for which crystalloid fluid resuscitation is a critical treatment. Although increasing data supports better efficacy and safety for LR than 0.9% NS, most children are resuscitated with NS and definitive data for the best fluid selection are lacking.

    Health Impact

    This study will definitively answer which crystalloid fluid is best for resuscitation of children with septic shock. If LR has demonstrably superior efficacy, a relatively cost-neutral paradigm shift to LR-based resuscitation could save hundreds of children’s lives every year in the US and thousands more worldwide.

    Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) Registry

    Summary

    An ED visit registry with automated transmission from the electronic health record data for pediatric patients at participating sites. The Registry currently contains data from all ED visits from nine sites with data spanning calendar years 2012 through 2020. Each site transmits data to the DCC monthly. Comprehensive data quality assurance rules have been automated to assess data quality and validation of the transmitted data. The Registry is about to undergo an upgrade to the data collection system and is currently onboarding three new sites.  The Registry has data on over 4.4 M visits and 1.6 M unique patients. Data are also used for health services research, comparative effectiveness research, hypothesis generation and grant planning for the network. The Registry is utilized in four other funded PECARN grants.

    Health Impact

    Report outcomes compared to national standards to identify gaps in ideal care.

    Pediatric Sepsis EHR Registry, Clinical Outcomes, and Predictive Model (PED Screen)

    Summary

    Establish a multi-center data registry from electronic health records (EHR) to identify pediatric patients at risk for sepsis, and develop an ED-based prediction model of sepsis-related organ dysfunction. Sepsis is a leading cause of pediatric morbidity and mortality with life-saving treatment dependent on early and accurate identification as children present differently than adults with sepsis.

    Health Impact

    Develop an ED prediction model to better identify the sickest children early to make sure they get the right treatment and reduce mortality related to sepsis.

    Improving Detection of STIs in PEDs ED: A Pragmatic Trial (Adolescent STI)

    Summary

    Determine the most clinically effective and cost-effective sexually transmitted infections (STI) screening approach for adolescents using 3 steps: perform ED workflow evaluations to determine the most efficient way to integrate the screening process; conduct a comparative effectiveness pragmatic trial of targeted STI screening versus universally-offered STI screening through electronic integration of patient reported data for provision of clinical decision support; develop decision analytic models to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of targeted screening compared to universally offered screening. Adolescents are disproportionately affected by sexually transmitted infections and account for 9 million of the 19 million new STI cases annually. The STI epidemic among youth is a national public health priority. Despite established principles for STI control, clinical practices related to screening and diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of STIs among adolescents are suboptimal.

    Health Impact

    This research shifts the usual clinical practice paradigm in the ED from STI diagnosis in symptomatic adolescents to STI screening and prevention, an approach that is critical to addressing the STI epidemic among adolescents.

    Implementation of Evidence Based Care for the Acute Treatment of Sickle Cell Disease Pain (Sickle Cell Improvement: Enhancing Care in the ED) (SCIENCE)

    Summary

    A mixed methods planning study (observational and qualitative) that aims to build the foundation for a future hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial. Guideline-based care, for children with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD), to prevent painful vasooclusive crisis (VOC) and provide treatment in a timely manner is infrequently followed, resulting in more frequent, prolonged pain and higher rates of Emergency Department visits and hospitalizations.

    Health Impact

    Successful identification of the barriers and facilitators to NHLBI guideline adherent care for pain in SCD will allow for the design of a successful multi-center hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial to improve the experience of children with SCD when they present in acute pain.

    Identifying and Understanding Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Pediatric Emergency Care (Disparities)

    Summary

    The goals are to measure racial/ethnic disparities and to examine provider implicit bias. We will develop and validate disparities-sensitive measures. We will use these measures to identify disparities in the quality of pediatric ED using the PECARN Registry. The expected outcomes of our research are an enhanced capacity to capture, analyze, and report performance improvement data to address disparities, and assess for modifiable factors, such as provider implicit racial/ethnic bias. While there is robust evidence of disparities in pediatric emergency care (PEC), accurate and meaningful metrics that allow for measuring and reporting disparities are still needed to promote equity in the ED.

    Health Impact

    Inform the development of interventions to reduce health care disparities in acutely ill and injured children.

    Headache Assessment of Children for Emergent Intracranial Abnormalities (HEADACHE)

    Summary

    This is a prospective observational cohort study of children ages 2 to 17 years old presenting to emergency departments with a headache. The primary aim of the study is to derive and internally validate a risk stratification model that identifies the specific risk of emergent intracranial abnormalities in these children based on clinically sensible and reliable variables. We will also determine whether the prevalence of emergent intracranial abnormalities and association between risk factors and emergent intracranial abnormalities differ based on age.

    Health Impact

    This research will optimize clinical decision making and use of emergent neuroimaging when evaluating children with headaches, leading to the safe reduction of unnecessary neuroimaging and accurate stratification of children at greater risk of having an emergent intracranial abnormality.

    Exclusion of Pulmonary Embolism in Children without Radiation Exposure (BEEPER)

    Summary

    A prospective, observational, cohort study of children ages 4 to 17 years old who have sufficiently high probability of pulmonary embolism (PE). The goal is to measure the diagnostic accuracy of a prediction rule for exclusion of PE (the PERC-Peds rule) and the D-dimer (a lab test used for diagnostic purposes). No study has been performed to prospectively record the presenting complaints, signs, symptoms and comorbidities of children who raised the suspicion of pulmonary embolism (PE) in children. Clinicians must extrapolate what is known about PE in adults to children potentially delaying diagnosis and/or causing unnecessary radiologic testing.

    Health Impact

    To provide evidence-based guidance on the identification of PE in children to promote timely diagnosis and treatment, while excluding unnecessary radiation testing.

    ED-Initiated School-based Asthma Medication Supervision (ED-SAMS)

    Summary

    This planning study will allow us to finalize RCT design, outcome measures, eligibility criteria, intervention and control arms, sample size, analysis plan and the preparation of study related materials for a study evaluating partnership between school based therapy and ED care for children who present with asthma. Approximately 8% of children in the US have asthma. Each year, these children experience 4 million asthma attacks that result in 725,000 ED visits and 100,000 hospitalizations. The total economic burden of asthma is $80 billion annually. Frequent asthma-related school absences impair academic achievement and social functioning. This burden falls disproportionately on minority, low-income, and urban populations. For example, black children have 60% more ED visits and 75% more hospitalizations than white children even though they have similar asthma attack rates.

    Health Impact

    This planning study will facilitate the implementation of a trial which has the potential to substantially reduce acute asthma related morbidity in underserved at risk children including reduction of missed school days, hospital admissions and ED visits.

    Development of computerized clinical decision to combat the overuse of antibiotics in children with pneumonia or urinary tract infections (SPEED)

    Summary

    Our goal is to develop prototype electronic health record-based clinical decision support that will facilitate the appropriate use of antibiotics for children with community-acquired pneumonia or urinary tract infections. The decision support will be scalable across multiple sites. Decision support models will be developed at 3 PECARN sites. Antimicrobial resistance results in patient morbidity and mortality, and increased healthcare costs and is a result of indiscriminate antibiotic prescribing by clinicians. Antimicrobial stewardship programs facilitate appropriate antibiotic prescribing. There is a gap in understanding the optimal strategies to implement ED-based antimicrobial stewardship programs.

    Health Impact

    After the development of the decision support, we will conduct a multicenter trial to test its effectiveness to decrease the inappropriate use of antibiotics for these t+N2wo common pediatric infections. If successful, we will conduct further antimicrobial stewardship trials to facilitate the proper use of antibiotics for other common pediatric infections in order to minimize antimicrobial resistance.

    Development and Testing of a Pediatric Cervical Spine Injury Risk Assessment Tool (C-Spine)

    Summary

    Develop and test a Pediatric CSI Risk Assessment Tool that can be used by EMS and ED providers to determine which children warrant spinal precautions and cervical spine imaging after blunt trauma. Cervical spine injuries (CSI) are serious, but rare events in children. Spinal precautions in the prehospital setting may be beneficial for children with CSI, but are poorly studied. In contrast, spinal precautions for pediatric trauma patients without CSI are common and may be associated with harm.

    Health Impact

    A rigorously-tested risk assessment tool for CSI in children has the potential for substantially reducing the number of children who receive unnecessary spinal precautions for trauma transport and/or who receive radiographic clearance of their cervical spine. This could lead to significant changes in recommendations for the treatment and transport of injured children worldwide.

    Arginine Therapy for Treatment of Pain in Children with Sickle Cell Disease (STArT)

    Summary

    This is a pivotal phase 3 clinical trial using arginine as a novel treatment of pain in children with SCD. Pain in sickle cell disease (SCD) is the leading cause of hospitalizations and ED visits for children with SCD. Arginine has properties that may improve blood flow during these acute occlusion of blood vessels.

    Health Impact

    SCD is an orphan disease currently lacking treatment options for acute pain beyond opioid analgesics and supportive care. This proposal may change clinical practice in that Arginine may decrease pain in children presenting to the ED with SCD pain crisis.

Studies - Previous

Therapeutic Hypothermia After Cardiac Arrest in Children (THAPCA) Trials

Cardiopulmonary arrest (when the heart stops beating) is a tragic event in children that is associated with high rates of death and long term disability. The study, entitled “Therapeutic Hypothermia after Pediatric Cardiac Arrest (THAPCA)”, will evaluate whether regulating the body temperature will improve the outcome for children after cardiac arrest. There is a separate study for children who arrest in the hospital (THAPCA-IH) and children who arrest out of the hospital (THAPCA-OH).  The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) is funding the first large scale, multi-center study to help determine the best treatment for children who are successfully resuscitated after a cardiac arrest.

The goal of these two trials is to determine if therapeutic hypothermia improves survival with good neurobehavioral outcome in children who have had a cardiac arrest. About 900 children will be enrolled in this study over 6 years at 30 clinical centers throughout the US and Canada. Enrollment in the THAPCA Trials began in September, 2009.

The THAPCA Trials investigative team has worked collaboratively since 2002 bringing together two federally funded pediatric clinical research networks to study this problem. The two networks are the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN), funded by the Emergency Medical Services for Children (EMSC) program and the NICHD Collaborative Pediatric Critical Care Resesarch Network (CPCCRN).

Referral and Utilization Patterns for Psychiatric Related Visits to the Pediatric Emergency Department

Pediatric psychiatric emergencies appear to have reached epidemic proportions over the past 10 years. ED visits related to mental health problems are known to be resource intensive, but data in this area has mainly occurred at individual sites. The aim of this retrospective chart review was to describe the patterns of referral and utilization of ED resources for children with a psychiatric related visit presenting to PECARN EDs. The findings of this study were presented at the Pediatric Ambulatory Society Annual Meeting in 2007. The main manuscript was published in Pediatric Emergency Care (2009).

A Randomized Clinical Trial of Non-operative Management for Acute Uncomplicated Appendicitis

Acute appendicitis is the most common surgical emergency in children. The current standard of treatment of acute appendicitis is appendectomy. With early recognition, increasing diagnostic accuracy and surgical advances, morbidity rates have dramatically lowered. However, surgery remains associated with pain, discomfort, risk of complications, and decreased quality of life. Because of the high incidence in childhood, appendicitis remains a substantial health care and societal burden.

Recently the paradigm for treating acute appendicitis has been challenged, with several randomized control trials (RCT) in adults showing that appendicitis may be safely treated with antibiotics alone. The goal of this multicenter, non-blinded intention-to-treat RCT is to compare the safety of non-operative management of uncomplicated appendicitis in children aged 5 to 18 years compared with urgent appendectomy. Patients will be randomized to either initial treatment with intravenous and oral antibiotics or urgent appendectomy, and followed for up to 4 years. We plan to enroll 1,036 participants in 8 PECARN sites over 3 years. This project is currently funded by a NIDDK planning grant. A U01 application was submitted in February 2018. If awarded, funding may begin as early as Fall 2018.

A Qualitative and Quantitative Evaluation of Patient Safety Issues in Pediatric Emergency Departments: A Pilot Study in New York State

Medical errors are an important cause of morbidity and mortality, causing
the death of between 44,000 and 98,000 patients annually in the United
States. Little is known about medical errors in pediatric patients,
especially in the emergency department (ED) setting. This project, co-funded by the New York Department of Health, evaluated incident reports and medication records in 3 PECARN sites.

Specific Aims:

To classify and disseminate information from ongoing incident report monitoring, including actual and near-miss medication errors that occurred in the emergency department (i.e. qualitative surveillance).

To monitor medication error rates using systematic sampling and review of emergency department medical records (i.e. quantitative surveillance).

Over 3,000 medical records were reviewed and one year of incident reports were evaluated for this project.

Predicting Cervical Spine Injury (CSI) in Children

Cervical spine injuries (CSI) are serious, but rare events in children. Immobilization of children with CSI in the out-of-hospital setting may be beneficial, but is poorly studied. In contrast, immobilization for transport of pediatric trauma patients without CSI is common and known to be associated with adverse effects. As a result, more than 99% of immobilized children have no CSI and are exposed to harm with no demonstrable benefit. The purpose of this study is to identify a set of variables that separate injured children with negligible risk of CSI from those at non-negligible risk for CSI. Specifically, project goals are to describe CSI and to identify factors associated with increased risk for CSI among a diverse pediatric blunt trauma population. This retrospective study concluded data collection at the end of 2007. Several abstracts have been presented in 2008 and 2009 at national meetings. The main manuscript has been published.

Prospective Yield Study of Children with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Pilot Feasibility for a Randomized Controlled Trial of Progesterone for Severe TBI

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of morbidity from trauma in children, and one of the leading causes of death. Despite the frequency of TBI, its impact on the health of children, and decades of research, no effective treatment exists. For adults, however, there have been several recent phase II studies demonstrating the administration of progesterone to those with moderate-to-severe TBI is safe and may have substantial neuroprotective effects. The PECARN conducted a prospective observational yield study to: demonstrate the number of moderate-to-severely brain injured children presenting to PECARN hospitals, determine time of guardian arrival in order to determine appropriate consent methods, and evaluate fesibility of eligibility criteria. Data from this pilot will also allow us to determine how many clinical sites will be required for an interventional trial. Subject enrollment has concluded and a manuscript is in preparation.

Pediatric Sepsis Registry, Clinical Outcomes, and Prediction Model

This study addresses the critical need to improve pediatric sepsis outcomes by developing methods to accurately identify at-risk children presenting for emergency care. The project will capture electronic health record (EHR) data to create a multi-center registry with the ultimate goal of improving the detection and treatment of pediatric sepsis in the emergency department (ED) setting. To accomplish this, we will automate the determination of organ dysfunction in children with sepsis directly from structured and narrative data in an expanded multicenter EHR patient registry.  That data will be used to derive and validate a prediction model of pediatric sepsis that predicts subsequent organ dysfunction within 48 hours using ED EHR data from the first 4 hours of care. Innovative deliverables from this project include the existence of a broad and rich EHR registry, an automated process of outcome determination, and a prediction model of risk of sepsis.

Pediatric Patient Safety in Emergency Departments

This study focused on pediatric patient safety in the emergency department (ED). The first phase involved surveys of pediatric ED staff to assess perceptions of safety. The manuscript for this phase was published in Pediatrics (2009). The second phase of the study involved transmitting incident reports to the data center and classifying and quantifying ED events using a consensus process. Analysis of over 3000 incidents reports was completed and various manuscripts discussing medication errors/events, radiology events, laboratory events, process variance events, and near-miss errors have been published. A newsletter summarizing findings from the medication error review has been distributed to share information on prevention of medication errors in the emergency departments that care for children.

PECARN Core Data Project (PCDP)

This project is a cross-sectional study of all pediatric ED visits from all sites within the network.  A database of electronic administrative data is compiled annually from 2002 to the present.  This study has several aims:

  1. to identify the frequency and type of PECARN Emergency Department (ED) visits;
  2. to identify the availability of data elements from existing electronic databases and chart reviews at each HEDA;
  3. to identify the availability of clinical parameters collected during usual medical care of patients with selected diagnoses (asthma and long bone fractures);
  4. to measure the agreement between, and completeness of, data elements collected by electronic methods and chart review.

This study provides important epidemiological information regarding pediatric emergency department visits in the PECARN network. Data are collected annually from all hospital sites. The public use dataset is available on this website.

Intravenous Magnesium for Sickle Cell Vasoocclusive Crisis (MAGIC)

Children with sickle cell disease (SCD) are at risk for acute vasoocclusive crises, the most frequent of which are pain crises. The usual treatment for pain crises, intravenous (IV) fluids and pain medicine, has changed little over the past three decades. The purpose of this study was to determine the safety and efficacy of intravenous magnesium in shortening the duration of a pain crisis and to determine the health-related quality of life and short term outcomes of children treated with intravenous magnesium during an acute pain crisis. This was a multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial. Patients were randomized to receive either the study drug or placebo every eight hours for a total of six doses, or until discharge, whichever occurred first. Patients were followed up by phone one week after discharge to assess rehospitalization rates, and returned to the sickle cell clinic for follow up within 3 months after discharge. Enrollment began in December 2010 and concluded Dec 2013. This project was co-funded by NICHD and NHLBI. Findings were published in Blood on July 31, 2015. The public use dataset is available on this website.

Implementation of the PECARN Traumatic Brain Injury Prediction Rules for Children Using Computerized Clinical Decision Support: An Interrupted Time Series Trial

Blunt head trauma is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in children. However, greater than 95% of the more than 450,000 children who present to US emergency departments annually with blunt head trauma have minor head trauma. Although important traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are infrequent, clinicians obtain cranial computed tomography (CT) in up to 50% of children with minor blunt head trauma, exposing them to radiation with its potential to induce malignancies. Given the substantial burden of blunt head trauma to families and society, as well as the importance of minimizing radiation exposure, this study will investigate whether implementation of the recently validated Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) TBI prediction rules using computerized clinical decision support can decrease unnecessary use of CT in children with minor blunt head trauma. The overall goal of this study is to promote the appropriate use of CT for children with blunt head trauma by creating a generalizable model to translate evidence into clinical practice.

 

The study objectives are:

  • To rigorously develop an integrated electronic health record blunt head trauma data collection template and computer-based clinical decision support system to implement the PECARN TBI prediction rules for children; and,
  • To assess whether implementing the prediction rules via computerized clinical decision support decreases the number of (unnecessary) cranial CTs in children with minor blunt head trauma at very low risk of traumatic brain injuries.

 

In order to meet study objective one, we will conduct focus groups of clinicians and perform emergency department workflow evaluations; develop an electronic health record blunt head trauma template that captures patient encounter data; and develop computerized clinical decision support to provide CT recommendations. Subsequently (in order to meet objective two), we will conduct a seven–center prospective, interrupted time series trial with concurrent controls that assesses CT use prior to and after the implementation of the electronic health record-clinical decision support (EHR-CDS) intervention system. We hypothesize that the EHR-CDS intervention system will safely decrease the use of CT compared to passive diffusion. This project is funded by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act—Office of the Secretary (ARRA OS): Grant #S02MC19289-01-00.

Effectiveness of Oral Dexamethasone in Acute Bronchiolitis

This study assesses the effectiveness and safety of the administration of oral dexamethasone for acute moderate to severe bronchiolitis in children seen in the ED, both with regard to the need for hospitalization (primary outcome), and severity and duration of disease (secondary outcomes). The study hypothesized that dexamethasone would be more effective than placebo in preventing hospital admission of infants with bronchiolitis.

This study was was conducted at selected sites within PECARN for a three-year period (during Bronchiolitis seasons). The study was co-funded by the Health Resources and Services Administration’s (HRSA) Maternal and Child Health Bureau (MCHB) Emergency Medical Services for Children (EMSC) Program and the Research Program. Data collection began in January, 2004. The study concluded in Spring, 2006. We successfully enrolled 600 patients in this study, and we determined that there was no reduction in hospitalizations or improvement in respiratory scores associated with the administration of oral dexamethasone. Findings were published in the New England Journal of Medicine on July 26th, 2007. The public use data set can be requested here.

Emergency Department Screen for Teens at Risk for Suicide (ED-STARS)

The ED-STARS study will develop and test a brief, personalized, computer-based suicide risk screening tool for teenagers. During the first study, over 6,000 youth were screened, and researchers followed up on a subsample of 12-17 year-olds who scored high on suicide risk factors – as well as those who scored low. Their experiences over a 6-month period were used to develop a computerized adaptive screen (CAS) for predicting suicide attempts that adjusts its line of questioning depending on responses to previous questions. The researchers will then compare the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of the CAS with the Ask Suicide-Screening Questions (ASQ), a standardized ED youth suicide prevention screening tool. Study Two began the summer of 2017 and will validate the CAS and associated risk stratification algorithm, determining the measure’s ability to predict suicide attempts in a new sample of 4,000 youth. The potential benefit of including a behavioral test of suicidal thoughts, the Implicit Association Test (IAT), as part of the screening process will also be evaluated. This study is funded by the National Institute for Mental Health (NIMH).

Development of Research Partnerships with EMS Agencies and Descriptive Study of EMS Pediatric Population within PECARN

The objective of this protocol was to study pediatric emergency medical services (EMS) within the PECARN network and establish the network’s capability to collect pre-hospital data. This descriptive study initiated data collection from EMS agencies. The project aimed to demonstrate that data transmission from EMS agencies to the data center is feasible. This study established research relationships between PECARN sites and respective EMS agencies and gather data to understand the demographics and disease/injury patterns of the sample that is available to the PECARN network. The data collected will be invaluable in the future for generating hypotheses for pediatric EMS studies and providing preliminary data for grant applications. Data collection and analyses are complete. The main manuscript, Characteristics of the Pediatric Patients Treated by the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network’s Affiliated EMS Agencies,was published in Pediatric Emergency Care, October 2013.

Childhood Head Trauma: A Neuroimaging Decision Rule

This was a prospective study of children with minor-to-moderate blunt head trauma with a goal of identifying high-risk and low-risk indicators of traumatic brain injury (TBI). The goal was to derive the evidence on which to base appropriate use of head computerized tomography (CT) in children with acute head injury, which will hopefully reduce the number of unnecessary CT scans for children at very low risk for TBI. This will minimize the exposure of these children to the significant drawbacks related to CT (ionizing radiation, transport of children away from the direct observation of the emergency department, pharmacological sedation, and additional health care costs).

The study was co-funded by the Health Resources and Services Administration’s (HRSA) Maternal and Child Health Bureau (MCHB) Emergency Medical Services for Children (EMSC) Program and the Research Program. Data collection began in June, 2004 at all PECARN sites, and concluded in September, 2006. The network successfully enrolled 34,000 patients for the derivation of two clinical decision rules (one for children < 2 years and one for children > 2 years), and an additional 9,000 patients to validate the decision rules. Multiple abstracts from this study have been presented at national emergency medicine and pediatric meetings to date. Several manuscripts have been published including the main prediction rule manuscript which was published in Lancet (October 3, 2009). The public use data set can be requested here.

Clinical Decision Rule to Identify Children with Intra-abdominal Injuries

This was a prospective study of children with blunt torso trauma with a goal of identifying high-risk and low-risk indicators of intra-abdominal injury (IAI). The long term objective of the study is to derive, validate, disseminate and implement decision support tools to optimize the evaluation of children with blunt torso trauma, which will lead to reduced morbidity and mortality. The overall objective of this particular study is to develop a clinical decision rule for appropriate use of abdominal computerized tomography (CT) scanning in children with blunt torso trauma. We will create a decision rule that identifies those children in need of emergent CT scan and treatment, while reducing the use of abdominal CT scans in those children with minimal risk of IAI. The study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Patient enrollment began in May, 2007 and concluded in January 2010. The main paper, Identifying Children at Very Low Risk of Clinically Important Blunt Abdominal Injuries, was published in Annals of Emergency Medicine, in Feb 2013. The public use data set can be requested here.

Project ASSESS

ASSESS (Age Specific Screen for Ethanol and Substance Status) aims to validate the newly developed National Institute for Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) two-question screen for early detection of alcohol use and problems in 12-17 year olds in 16 PECARN pediatric emergency departments. Approximately 5000 youths presenting to participating PECARN pediatric emergency departments (PED) were enrolled over a 3 year period. Subjects completed the two-question screen along with an alcohol and other drug and behavior assessment battery. The advantage of the PED setting is the ability to capture high risk populations such as school dropouts and those without primary care or insurance, who often use PEDs for their medical care and are missed in other study settings. This study is funded by the National Institute for Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA).

Arginine Feasibility Project

The Arginine Feasibility project was funded as part of an R34 clinical trials planning grant that will establish a protocol steering committee with expertise in Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) clinical trials, create a clinical network of sites with a strong track record of successful participation in multi-center trials, create an ED-based pain protocol, develop a data coordinating plan, identify safety and clinical endpoints and a completed protocol for a phase III clinical trial of L-arginine for the treatment of vaso-occlusive pain in children with SCD to be submitted for NIH funding. Specifically this study is creating a standardized ED-based pain therapy protocol based on NIH guidelines that will be utilized in the future phase III trial, collecting feasibility data on volume, time of visit and admission rates from high-volume PECARN and non-PECARN sites on all potentially eligible patients with SCD and collecting demographic and clinical data through a 20 patient chart review at each participating site. This study is funded through the NHLBI.

Application of Transcriptional Signatures for Diagnosis of Febrile Infants within the PECARN Network

The ultimate goal of this project is to incorporate a RNA-based diagnostic technology (called transcriptional signatures) to distinguish between bacterial and non-bacterial infections in otherwise well-appearing febrile infants who present to the EDs. The project aims to create a PECARN wide infrastructure for conducting translational genomic research and demonstrate feasibility of screening, consenting, collecting, and processing of small volumes of blood samples to abstract high quality RNA from febrile infants. After initially defining bacterial and non-bacterial biosignatures, we will conduct a limited validation of these diagnostic biosignatures on an independent group of febrile infants. Patient enrollment began in 2008 and continued through May 2013. Analysis is in progress. This project is co-funded by NICHD.

Acute Gastroenteritis-Impact of Emergency Department Probiotic Treatment of Pediatric Gastroenteritis

Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is a leading cause of malnutrition and death worldwide and affects millions of children in the US each year. Most AGE is viral in origin, and apart from care focused on rehydration and nausea, there are no therapies to reduce the severity of illness. The overall objective of this randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multi-center study is to determine the efficacy and side effect profile of the probiotic, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG), in children aged 3 to 48 months presenting to the ED with AGE. Patients were randomized to receive either LGG or placebo twice a day for 5 days, for a total of 10 doses. Nine-hundred and seventy-one children were enrolled in 10 PECARN sites over 4 years. Enrollment completed in Summer 2017. Analysis is in progress. This project is funded by the NICHD.

Publications

Brent, D., Horowitz, L., Grupp-Phelan, J., Gibbons, R., Chernick, L., Rea, M., Cwik, M., Shenoi, R., Fein, J., Mahabee-Gittens, E., Patel, S., Mistry, R., Duffy, S., Melzer-Lange, M., Rogers, A., Cohen, D., Keller, A., Hickey, R., Page, K., … Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN. (2023). Prediction of Suicide Attempts and Suicide-Related Events Among Adolescents Seen in Emergency Departments. JAMA Network Open, 6(2: e2255986). https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.55986
Ghetti, S., Kuppermann, N., Rewers, A., Myers, S., Schunk, J., Stoner, M., Garro, A., Quayle, K., Brown, K., Trainor, J., Tzimenatos, L., DePiero, A., McManemy, J., Nigrovic, L., Kwok, M., Olsen, C., Casper, T., Glaser, N., & Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) DKA FLUID Study Group. (2023). Cognitive function following diabetic ketoacidosis in young children with type 1 diabetes. Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, e412. https://doi.org/10.1002/edm2.412
Freedman, S., Schnadower, D., Estes, M., Casper, T. C., Goldstein, S., Grisaru, S., Pavia, A., Wilfond, B., Laws (Metheney), M., Kimball, K., & Tarr, P. (2023). Hyperhydration to Improve Kidney Outcomes in Children with Shiga Toxin-Producing E. coli Infection: a multinational embedded cluster crossover randomized trial (the HIKO STEC trial).
Glaser, N., Myers, S., Nigrovic, L., Stoner, M., Tzimenatos, L., Brown, K., Casper, T., Olsen, C., Kupperman, N., & Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) FLUID Study Group. (2023). Pyuria in Children with Diabetic Ketoacidosis. The Journal of Pediatrics, 252, 204–207 e. 2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2022.08.054
Harris, M., Adelgais, K., Linakis, S., Magill, C., Brazauskas, R., Shah, M., Nishijima, D., Lowe, G., Chadha, K., Chang, T., Lerner, E., Leonard, J., Schwartz, H., Gaither, J., Studnek, J., & Browne, L. (2023). Impact of Prehospital Pain Management on Emergency Department Management of Injured Children. Prehospital Emergency Care, 27(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1080/10903127.2021.2000683
Rees, C., Brousseau, D., Ahmad, F., Bennett, J., Bhatt, S., Bogie, A., Brown, K., Casper, T., Chapman, L., Chumpitazi, C., Cohen, D., Dampier, C., Ellison, A., Grasemann, H., Hatabah, D., Hickey, R., Hsu, L., Bakshi, N., Leibovich, S., … SCD Arginine Study Group and PECARN. (2023). Intranasal fentanyl and discharge from the emergency department among children with sickle cell disease and vaso-occlusive pain: A multicenter pediatric emergency medicine perspective. American Journal of Hematology. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajh.26837
Rees, C., Brousseau, D., Ahmad, F., Bennett, J., Bhatt, S., Bogie, A., Brown, K., Casper, T., Chapman, L., Chumpitazi, C., Cohen, D., Dampier, C., Ellison, A., Grasemann, H., Hickey, R., Hsu, L., Lane, P., Bakshi, N., Leibovich, S., … SCD Arginine Study Group and PECARN. (2022). Adherence to NHLBI guidelines for the emergent management of vaso-occlusive episodes in children with sickle cell disease: A multicenter perspective. American Journal of Hematology, 97(11), E412–E415. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajh.26696
Mahajan, P., VanBuren, J., Tzimenatos, L., Cruz, A., Vitale, M., Powell, E., Leetch, A., Pickett, M., Brayer, A., Nigrovic, L., Dayan, P., Atabaki, S., Ruddy, R., Rogers, A., Greenberg, R., Alpern, E., Tunik, M., Saunders, M., Muenzer, J., … Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN). (2022). Serious Bacterial Infections in Young Febrile Infants With Positive Urinalysis Results. Pediatrics, 150(4). https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2021-055633
Glaser, N., Quayle, K., McManemy, J., Nigrovic, L., Tzimenatos, L., Stoner, M., Bennett, J., Trainor, J., Rewers, A., Schunk, J., Myers, S., Kwock, M., Brown, K., Ghetti, S., Casper, T., Olsen, C., Kuppermann, N., & Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) DKA FLUID Study Group. (2022). Clinical Characteristics of Children with Cerebral Injury preceding Treatment of Diabetic Ketoacidosis. The Journal of Pediatrics, 250, 100–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2022.07.033
Fant, C., Marin, J., Ramgopal, S., Simon, N., Richards, R., Olsen, C., Alessandrini, E., Alpern, E., & PECARN Registry Study Group. (2022). Updated Diagnosis Grouping System for Pediatric Emergency Department Visits. Pediatric Emergency Care. https://doi.org/10.1097/PEC.0000000000002692
Chaiyachati, B., Wood, J., Carter, C., Lindberg, D., Chun, T., Cook, L., Alpern, E., & PECARN Registry Study Group and PECARN Child Abuse Special Interest Group. (2022). Emergency Department Child Abuse Evaluations During COVID-19: A Multicenter Study. Pediatrics, 150(1). https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2022-056284
Balamuth, F., Scott, H., Weiss, S., Webb, M., Chamberlain, J., Bajaj, L., Depinet, H., Grundmeier, R., Campos, D., Deakyne, Davies, S., Simon, N., Alpern, E., & Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) PED Screen and PECARN Registry Study Groups. (2022). Validation of the Pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score and Evaluation of Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock Definitions in the Pediatric Emergency Department. JAMA Pediatrics, 176(7), 672–678. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2022.1301
Shenoi, R. P., Linakis, J. G., Bromberg, J. R., Casper, T. C., Richards, R., Chun, T. H., Gonzalez, V. M., Mello, M. J., & Spirito, A. (2022). Association of Physical Activity, Sports, and Screen Time With Adolescent Behaviors in Youth Who Visit the Pediatric Emergency Department. Clinical Pediatrics, 61(4), 335–346. https://doi.org/10.1177/00099228221075094
Nishijima, D., VanBuren, J., Linakis, S., Hewes, H., Myers, S., Bobinski, M., Tran, N., Ghetti, S., Adelson, P., Roberts, I., Holmes, J., Schalick, W. 3rd, Dean, J., Casper, T., Kuppermann, N., & TIC-TOC Collaborators of the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN. (2022). Traumatic injury clinical trial evaluating tranexamic acid in children (TIC-TOC): a pilot randomized trial. Academic Emergency Medicine, 10.1111(acem.14481). https://doi.org/10.1111/acem.14481
Levine, A., O’Connell, K., Schnadower, D., VanBuren, J., Mahajan, P., Hurley, K., Tarr, P., Olsen, C., Poonai, N., Schuh, S., Powell, E., Farion, K., Sapien, R., & Roskind, C. (2022). Derivation of the Pediatric Acute Gastroenteritis Risk Score to Predict Moderate-to-Severe Acute Gastroenteritis. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 74(4), 446–453. https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0000000000003395
Johnson, T. J., Goyal, M. K., Lorch, S. A., Chamberlain, J. M., Bajaj, L., Alessandrini, E. A., Simmons, T., Casper, T. C., Olsen, C. S., Grundmeier, R. W., Alpern, E. R., & Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN). (2022). Racial/Ethnic Differences in Pediatric Emergency Department Wait Times. Pediatric Emergency Care. https://doi.org/10.1097/PEC.0000000000002483
Hatkevich, C., Grupp-Phelan, J., Brent, D., Barney, B. J., Casper, T. C., Melzer-Lange, M., Cwik, M., & King, C. A. (2022). Understanding adolescent responses to differently worded suicide attempt questions: results from a large US pediatric sample. Psychological Medicine, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291720004213
Lichenstein, R., Monroe, D., Quayle, K., Miskin, M., Cooper, A., Gerardi, M., Callahan, J., Dayan, P., Holmes, J., Kuppermann, N., & Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN). (2022). Television-Related Head Injuries in Children: A Secondary Analysis of a Large Cohort Study of Head-Injured Children in the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network. Pediatric Emergency Care, 38(7), 326–331. https://doi.org/10.1097/PEC.0000000000000605
Linakis, S. W., Kuppermann, N., Stanley, R. M., Hewes, H., Myers, S., VanBuren, J. M., Casper, T. C., Bobinski, M., Ghetti, S., Schalick, W. O. 3rd, & Nishijima, D. K. (2021). Enrollment with and without exception from informed consent in a pilot trial of tranexamic acid in children with hemorrhagic injuries. Academic Emergency Medicine : Official Journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, 28(12), 1421–1429. https://doi.org/10.1111/acem.14343
Weiss, S., Balamuth, F., Long, E., Thompson, G., Hayes, K., Katcoff, H., Cook, M., Tsemberis, E., Hickey, C., Williams, A., Williamson-Urquhart, A., Borland, M., Dalziel, S., Gelbart, B., Freedman, S., Babl, F., Huang, J., Kuppermann, N., & Pragmatic Pediatric Trial of Balanced Versus Normal Saline Fluid in Sepsis (PRoMPT BOLUS) Investigators of the PECARN, PERC, and PREDICT Network. (2021). PRagMatic Pediatric Trial of Balanced vs nOrmaL Saline FlUid in Sepsis: study protocol for the PRoMPT BOLUS randomized interventional trial. Trials, 22(1), 776. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-021-05717-4
VanBuren, J., Casper, T., Nishijima, D., Lewis, R., Dean, J., McGlothlin, A., & TIC-TOC Collaborators of the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN). (2021). The design of a Bayesian adaptive clinical trial of tranexamic acid in severely injured children. Trials, 22(1), 769. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-021-05737-0
Freedman, S. B., Finkelstein, Y., Pang, X.-L., Chui, L., Tarr, P. I., VanBuren, J. M., Olsen, C., Lee, B. E., Sapien, R., O’Connell, K., Levine, A. C., Poonai, N., Roskind, C., Schuh, S., Rogers, A., Bhatt, S., Gouin, S., Mahajan, P., Vance, C., … Schnadower, D. (2021). Pathogen-Specific Effects of Probiotics in Children with Acute Gastroenteritis Seeking Emergency Care: A Randomized Trial. Clinical Infectious Diseases : An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciab876
Schunk, J. E., Jacobsen, K. K., Stephens, D., Watson, A., Olsen, C., Casper, T. C., Glaser, N. S., Kuppermann, N., & DKA FLUID group of the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network. (2021). Enroller Experience and Parental Familiarity of Disease Influence Participation in a Pediatric Trial. The Western Journal of Emergency Medicine, 22(5), 1176–1182. https://doi.org/10.5811/westjem.2021.4.54647
Glaser, N. S., Stoner, M. J., Garro, A., Baird, S., Myers, S. R., Rewers, A., Brown, K., Trainor, J. L., Quayle, K. S., McManemy, J. K., DePiero, A. D., Nigrovic, L. E., Tzimenatos, L., Schunk, J. E., Olsen, C. S., Casper, T. C., Ghetti, S., Kuppermann, N., & Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) DKA FLUID Study Group. (2021). Serum Sodium Concentration and Mental Status in Children with Diabetic Ketoacidosis. Pediatrics, 148(3). https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2021-050243
Goyal, M. K., Chamberlain, J. M., Webb, M., Grundmeier, R. W., Johnson, T. J., Lorch, S. A., Zorc, J. J., Alessandrini, E., Bajaj, L., Cook, L., Alpern, E. R., & Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN). (2021). Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Delayed Diagnosis of Appendicitis Among Children. Academic Emergency Medicine: Official Journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, 28(9), 949–956. https://doi.org/10.1111/acem.14142.
Lerner, E. B., Browne, L. R., Studnek, J. R., Mann, N. C., Dai, M., Hoffman, C. K., Pilkey, D., Adelgais, K. M., Brown, K. M., Gaither, J. B., Leonard, J. C., Martin-Gill, C., Nishijima, D. K., Owusu Ansah, S., Shah, Z. S., & Shah, M. I. (2021). A Novel Use of NEMSIS to Create a PECARN-Specific EMS Patient Registry. Prehospital Emergency Care : Official Journal of the National Association of EMS Physicians and the National Association of State EMS Directors, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1080/10903127.2021.1951407
Chun, T. H., Schnadower, D., Casper, T. C., Sapién, R., Tarr, P. I., O’Connell, K., Roskind, C., Rogers, A., Bhatt, S., Mahajan, P., Vance, C., Olsen, C. S., Powell, E. C., & Freedman, S. B. (2021). Lack of Association of Household Income and Acute Gastroenteritis Disease Severity in Young Children: A Cohort Study. Academic Pediatrics. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2021.07.009
Rewers, A., Kuppermann, N., Stoner, M., Garro, A., Bennett, J., Quayle, K., Schunk, J., Myers, S., McManemy, J., Nigrovic, L., Trainor, J., Tzimenatos, L., Kwok, M., Brown, K., Olsen, C., Casper, T., Ghetti, S., Glaser, N., & Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) FLUID Study Group. (2021). Effects of Fluid Rehydration Strategy on Correction of Acidosis and Electrolyte Abnormalities in Children With Diabetic Ketoacidosis. Diabetes Care, 44(9), 2061–2068. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-3113
Brent, D., Grupp-Phelan, J., O’Shea, B., Patel, S., Mahabee-Gittens, E., Rogers, A., Duffy, S., Shenoi, R., Chernick, L., Casper, T., Webb, M., Nock, M., King, C., & Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN). (2021). A comparison of self-reported risk and protective factors and the death implicit association test in the prediction of future suicide attempts in adolescent emergency department patients. Psychology Medicine, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291721001215
Nishijima, D. K., Gosdin, M., Naz, H., Tancredi, D. J., Hewes, H. A., Myers, S. R., Stanley, R. M., Adelson, P. D., Burd, R. S., Finkelstein, Y., VanBuren, J., Casper, T. C., Kuppermann, N., & TIC-TOC Collaborators of the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN). (2021). Assessment of primary outcome measures for a clinical trial of pediatric hemorrhagic injuries. The American Journal of Emergency Medicine, 43, 210–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.03.001
Poonai, N., Powell, E. C., Schnadower, D., Casper, T. C., Roskind, C. G., Olsen, C. S., Tarr, P. I., Mahajan, P., Rogers, A. J., Schuh, S., Hurley, K. F., Gouin, S., Vance, C., Farion, K. J., Sapien, R. E., O’Connell, K. J., Levine, A. C., Bhatt, S., & Freedman, S. B. (2021). Variables Associated With Intravenous Rehydration and Hospitalization in Children With Acute Gastroenteritis: A Secondary Analysis of 2 Randomized Clinical Trials. JAMA Network Open, 4(4), e216433. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.6433
Rosenthal, E. S., Elm, J. J., Ingles, J., Rogers, A. J., Terndrup, T. E., Holsti, M., Thomas, D. G., Babcock, L., Okada, P. J., Lipsky, R. H., Miller, J. B., Hickey, R. W., Barra, M. E., Bleck, T. P., Cloyd, J. C., Silbergleit, R., Lowenstein, D. H., Coles, L. D., Kapur, J., … Group, E. S. E. T. T. S. (2021). Early Neurologic Recovery, Practice Pattern Variation, and the Risk of Endotracheal Intubation Following Established Status Epilepticus. Neurology. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000011879
Schnadower, D., Sapien, R. E., Casper, T. C., Vance, C., Tarr, P. I., O’Connell, K. J., Levine, A. C., Roskind, C. G., Rogers, A. J., Bhatt, S. R., Mahajan, P., Powell, E. C., Olsen, C. S., Gorelick, M. H., Dean, J. M., & Freedman, S. B. (2021). Association between Age, Weight, and Dose and Clinical Response to Probiotics in Children with Acute Gastroenteritis. The Journal of Nutrition, 151(1), 65–72. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxaa313
Lerner, E. B., Badawy, M., Cushman, J. T., Drendel, A. L., Fumo, N., Jones, C. M. C., Shah, M. N., & Gourlay, D. M. (2021). Does Mechanism of Injury Predict Trauma Center Need for Children? Prehospital Emergency Care, 25(1), 95–102. https://doi.org/10.1080/10903127.2020.1737281
Schnadower, D., Roskind, C. G., VanBuren, J. M., Powell, E. C., Norris, J. G., Tarr, P. I., Sapien, R. E., O’Connell, K. J., Chun, T. H., Rogers, A. J., Bhatt, S. R., Mahajan, P., Gorelick, M. H., Vance, C., Dean, J. M., & Freedman, S. B. (2021). Factors Associated With Nonadherence in an Emergency Department-based Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial of a Probiotic in Children With Acute Gastroenteritis. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 72(1), 24–28. https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0000000000002904
Goldman, R. D., McGregor, S., Marneni, S. R., Katsuta, T., Griffiths, M. A., Hall, J. E., Seiler, M., Klein, E. J., Cotanda, C. P., Gelernter, R., Hoeffe, J., Davis, A. L., Gualco, G., Mater, A., Manzano, S., Thompson, G. C., Ahmed, S., Ali, S., Brown, J. C., … Yue, E. L. (2021). Willingness to Vaccinate Children against Influenza after the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic. The Journal of Pediatrics, 228, 87-93.e2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.08.005
Doh, K. F., Morris, C. R., Akbar, T., Chaudhary, S., Lazarus, S. G., Figueroa, J., Agarwal, M., & Simon, H. K. (2021). The Relationship Between Parents' Reported Storage of Firearms and Their Children's Perceived Access to Firearms: A Safety Disconnect. Clinical Pediatrics, 60(1), 42–49. https://doi.org/10.1177/0009922820944398
Florin, T., Ramilo, O., Hoyle, J., Jaffe, D., Tzimenatos, L., Atabaki, S., Cohen, D., VanBuren, J., Mahajan, P., Kuppermann, N., & Febrile Infant Working Group of the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN). (2021). Radiographic Pneumonia in Febrile Infants 60 Days and Younger. Pediatric Emergency Care, 37(5), e221–e226. https://doi.org/10.1097/PEC.0000000000002187
Browne, L. R., Ahmad, F. A., Schwartz, H., Wallendorf, M., Kuppermann, N., Lerner, E. B., & Leonard, J. C. (2020). Prehospital Factors Associated With Cervical Spine Injury in Pediatric Blunt Trauma Patients. Academic Emergency Medicine, acem.14176. https://doi.org/10.1111/acem.14176
Myers, S. R., Glaser, N. S., Trainor, J. L., Nigrovic, L. E., Garro, A., Tzimenatos, L., Quayle, K. S., Kwok, M. Y., Rewers, A., Stoner, M. J., Schunk, J. E., McManemy, J. K., Brown, K. M., DePiero, A. D., Olsen, C. S., Casper, T. C., Ghetti, S., Kuppermann, N., & Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) DKA FLUID Study Group. (2020). Frequency and Risk Factors of Acute Kidney Injury During Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Children and Association with Neurocognitive Outcomes. JAMA Network Open, 3(12). https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.25481
Howe, J. L., Reed, J. L., Adams, K. T., Elsholz, C., Augustine, E. M., Cruz, A. T., Mollen, C., Pickett, M. L., Schmidt, S., Stukus, K., Ratwani, R. M., & Goyal, M. K. (2020). Workflow Analysis Driven Recommendations for Integration of Electronically-Enhanced Sexually Transmitted Infection Screening Tools in Pediatric Emergency Departments. Journal of Medical Systems, 44(12), 206. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-020-01670-y
Florin, T. A., Ambroggio, L., Lorenz, D., Kachelmeyer, A., Ruddy, R. M., Kuppermann, N., & Shah, S. S. (2020). Development and Internal Validation of a Prediction Model to Risk Stratify Children With Suspected Community-Acquired Pneumonia. Clinical Infectious Diseases, ciaa1690. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa1690
Morris, C. R., Brown, L. A. S., Reynolds, M., Dampier, C. D., Lane, P. A., Watt, A., Kumari, P., Harris, F., Manoranjithan, S., Mendis, R. D., Figueroa, J., & Shiva, S. (2020). Impact of arginine therapy on mitochondrial function in children with sickle cell disease during vaso-occlusive pain. Blood, 136(12), 1402–1406. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2019003672
Brousseau, D., Alpern, E., Chamberlain, J., Ellison, A., Bajaj, L., Cohen, D., Hariharan, S., Cook, L., Harding, M., Panepinto, J., & Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN). (2020). A Multiyear Cross-sectional Study of Guideline Adherence for the Timeliness of Opioid Administration in Children With Sickle Cell Pain Crisis. Annals of Emergency Medicine, 76(3S), S6–S11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2020.08.006
Alpern, E. R., Kuppermann, N., Blumberg, S., Roosevelt, G., Cruz, A. T., Nigrovic, L. E., Browne, L. R., VanBuren, J. M., Ramilo, O., Mahajan, P., & Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN). (2020). Time to Positive Blood and Cerebrospinal Fluid Cultures in Febrile Infants ≤60 Days of Age. Hospital Pediatrics, 10(9), 719–727. https://doi.org/10.1542/hpeds.2020-0045
King, C. A., Brent, D., Grupp-Phelan, J., Shenoi, R., Page, K., Mahabee-Gittens, E. M., Chernick, L. S., Melzer-Lange, M., Rea, M., McGuire, T. C., Littlefield, A., Casper, T. C., & Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN). (2020). Five Profiles of Adolescents at Elevated Risk for Suicide Attempts: Differences in Mental Health Service Use. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 59(9), 1058-1068.e5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2019.10.015
DePiero, A., Kuppermann, N., Brown, K. M., Schunk, J. E., McManemy, J. K., Rewers, A., Stoner, M. J., Tzimenatos, L., Garro, A., Myers, S. R., Quayle, K. S., Trainor, J. L., Kwok, M. Y., Nigrovic, L. E., Olsen, C. S., Casper, T. C., Ghetti, S., Glaser, N. S., & Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) DKA FLUID Study Group. (2020). Hypertension during Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Children. The Journal of Pediatrics, 223, 156-163.e5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.04.066
Hartford, E. A., Keilman, A., Yoshida, H., Migita, R., Chang, T., Enriquez, B., & Liu, D. R. (2020). Pediatric Emergency Department Responses to COVID-19: Transitioning From Surge Preparation to Regional Support. Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2020.197
Fritter, J., Metheney, M., & Zuspan, S. J. (2020, June 9). Impact of a Risk-Based, Study-Specific Training Program on Research Coordinator Competency. ACRP.
Tsze, D. S., Cruz, A. T., Mistry, R. D., Gonzalez, A. E., Ochs, J. B., Richer, L., Kuppermann, N., & Dayan, P. S. (2020). Interobserver Agreement in the Assessment of Clinical Findings in Children with Headaches. The Journal of Pediatrics, 221, 207–214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.02.018

Abstracts

Chang, C., Bently, M., Crowe, R., Janezic, A., & Leonard, J. (2016, May). Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Providers’ Beliefs Regarding Spinal Precautions for Pediatric Trauma Transport. Proceedings of the Society of Academic Emergency Medicine Meeting; 2016 May 10-13; New Orleans, LA.
Browne, L., Schwartz, H., Ahmad, F., Wallendorf, M., Kuppermann, N., Lerner, E., & Leonard, J. (2016, May). Inter-observer agreement in pediatric cervical spine injury (CSI) risk assessment between emergency medical services (EMS) and emergency department (ED) providers. Proceedings of The Society for Academic Emergency Medicine; 2016 May 13; New Orleans, LA.
Mahajan, P., Ramilo, O., Simmons, T., Brown, L., Cohen, D., Gattu, R., Levine, D., Casper, T., Kuppermann, N., & Febrile Infant Working Group of PECARN. (2016, May). Risk of bacterial co-infections in febrile infants ≤ 60 days old with documented viral infections. Proceedings of the The Society for Academic Emergency Medicine; 2016 May 10-13; New Orleans, LA.
Leonard, J., Browne, L., Schwartz, H., Ahmad, F., Wallendorf, M., Lerner, E., & Kuppermann, N. (2016, May). Prospective Evaluation of the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) Cervical Spine Injury Risk Factors. Proceedings of the Pediatric Academic Societies; 2016 May 1; Baltimore, MD and The Society of Academic Emergency Medicine Meeting; 2016 May 10-13; New Orleans, LA.
Brandow, A., Nimmer, M., Simmons, T., Casper, C., Cook, L., Scott, J., Panepinto, J., & Brousseau, D. (2015, December). Higher dose of opioids in the emergency department and earlier initiation of oral opioids after hospitalization are associated with shorter length of stay in children with sickle cell disease treated for acute pain. Proceedings of the American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting; 2015 Dec 3; Orlando, FL.
Nigrovic, L., Mahajan, P., Tzimentas, L., Alpern, E., Rogers, A., Simmons, T., Casper, C., Ramilo, O., & Kuppermann, N. (2015, October). The accuracy of the Yale Observation Scale score and unstructured clinician suspicion to identify febrile infants <=60 days with serious bacterial infections. Proceedings of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) National Conference and Exhibition; 2015 October 22-25; Washington, D.C. and American College of Emergency Physicians Research Forum; 2015 Oct 26-27; Boston, MA.
Kuppermann, N., Mahajan, P., Casper, T., Dean, J., Ramilo, O., & PECARN Febrile Infant Working Group. (2015, May). A clinical prediction rule for identifying febrile infants 60 days and younger with serious bacterial infections. Proceedings of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine Meeting; 2015 May 12-15; San Diego, CA.
Drayna, P., Browne, L., Guse, C., Brousseau, D., & Lerner, E. (2015, January). Treating children in the prehospital setting: opportunities for training, treatment, and research. Proceedings for the National Association of EMS Physicians (NAEMSP) Annual Meeting; 2015 Jan 22-24; New Orleans, LA.
Panepinto, J., Beverung, L., Casper, T., Cook, L., & Brousseau, D. (2014, December). The impact of an acute vaso-occlusive crisis on patient reported outcomes: the MAGiC study. Proceedings of the American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting; 2014 Dec 6; San Francisco, CA.
Brousseau, D., Scott, J., Badaki, O., Darbari, D., Chumpitazi, C., Airewele, G., Ellison, A., Smith-Whitley, K., Mahajan, P., Sarnaik, S., Casper, T., Cook, L., Dean, M., Leonard, J., Hulbert, M., Powell, E., Liem, R., Hickey, R., Krishnamurti, L., … Panepinto, J. (2014, December). A multi-center randomized controlled trial of intravenous magnesium for sickle cell pain crisis in children. Proceedings of the American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting; 2014 Dec 6; San Francisco, CA.
Natale, J., Joseph, J., Rogers, A., Tunik, M., Monroe, D., Kerrey, B., Bonsu, B., Kent, P., Adelgais, K., Quale, K., Kuppermann, N., & Holmes, J. (2014, May). Association of patient race/ethnicity with use of computed tomography among children with blunt torso trauma. Proceedings of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine; 2014 May 15; Dallas, TX.
Chamberlain, J., Okada, P., Holsti, M., Mahajan, P., Baren, J., Brown, K., Vance, C., Gonzalez, V., Lichenstein, R., Stanley, R., Brousseau, D., Grubenhoff, J., Zemek, R., Johnson, D., & Clemons, T. (2014, May). Lorazepam versus Diazepam for pediatric status epilepticus: results of a randomized clinical trial. Proceedings of the Pediatric Academic Societies Annual Meeting; 2014 May 3-6; Vancouver, BC, Canada and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine; 2014 May 13-17; Dallas, TX.
Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network, Clinical Research on Emergency Services and Treatment Network, & Partners HealthCare System. (2014, April). Implementation of the PECARN traumatic brain injury (TBI) prediction rules using clinical decision support: a multicenter trial. Proceedings of the Pediatric Academic Societies Annual Meeting; 2014 Apr 27; San Diego, CA and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine; 2015 May 14; San Diego, CA.
Zonfrillo, M., Macy, M., Cook, L., Funai, T., Stanley, R., Chamberlain, J., Cunningham, R., & Alpern, E. (2013, October). Resource utilization for injury versus non-injury pediatric visits to emergency departments. Proceedings of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) National Conference; 2013 Oct 26-29; Orlando, FL.
Stanley, R., & Kuppermann, N. (2013, May). Progesterone for children with serious traumatic brain injury (TBI): a feasibility study in the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN). Proceedings of the  Pediatric Academic Societies Annual Meeting; 2013 May 4-7; Washington, D.C.  and Society for Emergency Medicine Annual Meeting; 2013 May 14-18; Atlanta, Georgia.
Kwok, M., Yen, K., Atabaki, S., Adelgais, K., Garcia, M., Quayle, K., Kooistra, J., Bonsu, B., Page, K., Borgialli, D., Kuppermann, N., & Holmes, J. (2013, May). Performance of plain pelvis radiography in children with blunt torso trauma. Proceedings of the Pediatric Academic Societies Annual Meeting; 2013 May 4-7; Washington DC. and Society for Emergency Medicine Annual Meeting; 2013 May 14-18; Atlanta, Georgia.
Ellison, A., Quayle, K., Bonsu, B., Garcia, M., Blumberg, S., Rogers, A., Wootton-Gorges, S., Kerrey, B., Olsen, C., Cooper, A., Kuppermann, N., & Holmes, J. (2013, May). Oral contrast in the evaluation of intra-abdominal injuries in children with blunt torso trauma. Proceedings of the Pediatric Academic Societies Annual Meeting; 2013 May 4-7; Washington, DC. and Society for Emergency Medicine Annual Meeting; 2013 May 14-18; Atlanta, Georgia.
Adelgais, K., Kuppermann, N., Kooistra, J., Garcia, M., Monroe, D., Mahajan, P., Menaker, J., Ehrlich, P., Atabaki, S., Page, K., Kwok, M., & Holmes, J. (2013, May). Importance and performance of the abdominal examination to identify children with abdominal injuries. Proceedings of the Pediatric Academic Societies Annual Meeting; 2013 May 4-7; Washington, DC.
Mahajan, P., Tunik, M., Yen, K., Atabaki, S., Lee, L., Ellison, A., Bonsu, B., Olsen, C., Kwok, M., Lillis, K., Kuppermann, N., Holmes, J., & PECARN IAI Study Group. (2012, October). Comparison of clinician suspicion versus prediction rule in detecting children at low risk for intraabdominal injury after blunt torso trauma. Proceedings of the American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) Research Forum; 2012 Oct 8-9; Denver, CO and American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), Section on Emergency Medicine, National Conference & Exhibition; 2012 Oct 19-23; New Orleans, LA.
Borgialli, D., Ellison, A., Ehrlich, P., Bonsu, B., Menaker, J., Wisner, D., Atabaki, S., Miskin, M., Sokolove, P., Lillis, K., Kuppermann, N., Holmes, J., & PECARN IAI Study Group. (2012, April). Association between the “Seat Belt Sign” and Intra-abdominal Injury in children with blunt torso trauma in motor vehicle collisions. Proceedings of the Pediatric Academic Societies Annual Meeting; 2012 Apr 28–May 1; Boston, MA and  Society for Academic Emergency Medicine Annual Meeting; 2012 May 9-12; Chicago, IL.
Mahajan, P., Kuppermann, N., Mejias, A., chaussabel, D., Casper, T., Dimo, B., Gramse, H., & Ramilo, O. (2012, April). RNA transcriptional profiling for diagnosis of serious bacterial infections (SBIs) in young febrile infants. Proceedings of the Pediatric Academic Societies Annual Meeting; 2012 Apr 28–May 1; Boston, MA  and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine Annual Meeting; 2012 May 9-12; Chicago, IL.
Rogers, A., Maher, C., Schunk, J., Quayle, K., Jacob, E., Lichenstein, R., Powell, E., Miskin, M., Dayan, P., Holmes, J., Kuppermann, N., & Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network. (2012, April). Prevalence of non-traumatic incidental findings found on pediatric cranial CT scans. Proceedings of the Pediatric Academic Societies Annual Meeting; 2012 Apr 28-May 1; Boston, MA and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine Annual Meeting; 2012 May 9-12; Chicago, IL.
Lee, L., Rogers, A., Ehrlich, P., Kwok, M., Sokolove, P., Blumberg, S., Kooistra, J., Miskin, M., Wootton-Gorges, S., Cooper, A., Kuppermann, N., Holmes, J., & PECARN IAI Study Group. (2012, April). Occult pneumothoraces visualized in children with blunt torso trauma. Proceedings of the Pediatric Academic Societies Annual Meeting; 2012 Apr 28–May 1; Boston, MA and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, 2012 May 9-12; Chicago, IL.
Menaker, J., Blumberg, S., Wisner, D., Dayan, P., Tunik, M., Garcia, M., Mahajan, P., Miskin, M., Monroe, D., Borgialli, D., Kuppermann, N., Holmes, J., & PECARN IAI Study Group. (2012, April). Use and impact of the FAST exam in children with blunt abdominal trauma. Proceedings of the Pediatric Academic Societies Annual Meeting; 2012 Apr 28–May 1; Boston, MA and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine Annual Meeting; 2012 May 9-12; Chicago, IL.
Glass, T., Ruddy, R., Gorelick, M., Callahan, J., Lee, L., Gerardi, M., Miskin, M., Holmes, J., & Kuppermann, N. (2011, October). Comparison of CT usage and clinically important traumatic brain injurie in pediatric sports participants in a large multicenter study. Proceedings of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) National Conference and Exhibition; 2011 Oct 15-18; Boston, MA.
Bajaj, L., Brousseau, D., Varadarajan, K., Lichenstein, R., Brown, K., Schuur, J., Alpern, E., Gorelick, M., Chamberlain, J., & Alessandrini, E. (2011, October). Pediatric emergency medicine performance measures: variation in stakeholder importance ratings may impede adoption. Proceedings of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) National Conference and Exhibition; 2011 Oct 15-18; Boston, MA.
Natale, J., Joseph, J., Rogers, A., Mahajan, P., Cooper, A., Wisner, D., Miskin, M., Hoyle, J., Atabaki, S., Dayan, P., Holmes, J., & Kuppermann, N. (2011, October). Cranial CT use for minor head trauma in children is associated with race/ethnicity.
Alessandrini, E., Varadarajan, K., Macias, C., Gorelick, M., Alpern, E., Pines, J., & Chamberlain, J. (2011, October). Capability of ED electronic systems to capture performance measures for pediatric emergency care. Proceedings of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) National Conference and Exhibition; 2011 Oct 15-18; Boston, MA.
Holmes, J., Lillis, K., Monroe, D., Borgialli, D., Kerrey, B., Mahajan, P., Adelgais, K., Ellison, A., Yen, K., Atabaki, S., Menaker, J., Bonsu, B., Quayle, K., Garcia, M., Rogers, A., Blumberg, S., Lee, L., Tunik, M., Kooistra, J., … Kuppermann, N. (2011, April). Identifying children at very low risk of intra-abdominal injuries undergoing acute intervention. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Pediatric Academic Societies; 2011 Apr 30-May 3; Denver, CO and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine; 2011 Jun 1-5; Boston, MA.
Kerrey, B., Rogers, A., Lee, L., Adelgais, K., Tunik, M., Blumberg, S., Quayle, K., Sokolove, P., Wisner, D., Miskin, M., Kuppermann, N., & Holmes, J. (2011, April). Risk of intra-abdominal injury in children with blunt torso trauma and normal abdominal computed tomography scans. Proceedings of The.
Lillis, K., Ruddy, R., Shaw, K., Mahajan, P., Lichenstein, R., Olsen, C., & Chamberlain, J. (2010, October 1). Incident reports from six pediatric emergency departments in a research network. Proceedings of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) National Conference and Exhibition; 2010 Oct 1; San Francisco, CA.
Mahajan, P., Jaffe, D., Olsen, C., Leonard, J., Nigrovic, L., Rogers, A., Kuppermann, N., Leonard, J., & Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network. (2010, October). Spinal cord injury without radiologic abnormality (SCIWORA) in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) era. Proceedings of The.
Tunik, M., Powell, E., Mahajan, P., Schunk, J., Jacobs, E., Miskin, M., Wootton-Gorges, S., Atabaki, S., Hoyle, J., Dayan, P., Holmes, J., & Kuppermann, N. (2010, May). Clinical presentations and outcomes of children with basilar skull fractures after blunt head trauma. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Pediatric Academic Societies; 2010 May 1-4; Vancouver, BC and the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine; 2010 Jun 3-6; Phoenix, AZ.
Atabaki, S., Hoyle, J., Schunk, J., Monroe, D., Alpern, E., Quayle, K., Glass, T., Badawy, M., Dong, L., Dayan, P., Holmes, J., & Kuppermann, N. (2010, May). Clinician assessment versus a prediction rule for identifying children with clinically-important traumatic brain injuries after blunt head trauma. Proceedings of The.
Badawy, M., Tunik, M., Dayan, P., Nadel, F., Lillis, K., Miskin, M., Borgialli, D., Bachman, M., Atabaki, S., Hoyle, J., Holmes, J., & Kuppermann, N. (2010, May). Post traumatic seizures (PTS) after blunt head trauma in children. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Pediatric Academic Societies; 2010 May 1-4; Vancouver, BC and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine; 2010 Jun 3-6; Phoenix, AZ.
Nigrovic, L., Schunk, J., Forester, A., Cooper, A., Miskin, M., Atabaki, S., Hoyle, J., Dayan, P., Holmes, J., & Kuppermann, N. (2010, May). Clinical observation before the decision to obtain a computed tomography (CT) for children with blunt head trauma. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Pediatric Academic Societies; 2010 May 1-4; Vancouver, BC and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine; 2010 Jun 3-6; Phoenix, AZ.
Kuppermann, N., Lillis, K., Monroe, D., Borgialli, D., Kerrey, B., Sokolove, P., Ellison, A., Yen, K., Cook, L., & Holmes, J. (2010, May). Interobserver agreement in clinical assessment of children with blunt abdominal trauma. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Pediatric Academic Societies; 2010 May 1-4; Vancouver, BC and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine; 2010 Jun 3-6; Phoenix, AZ.
Babcock-Cimpello, L., Borgialli, D., Olsen, C., Jaffe, D., Leonard, J., & CSI Study Group of Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network. (2010, May). Factors associated with cervical spine injuries (CSI) in children participating in sports and recreational activities (SRA). Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Pediatric Academic Societies; 2010 May 1-4; Vancouver, BC and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine; 2010 Jun 3-6; Phoenix, AZ.
Nigrovic, L., Rogers, A., Adelgais, K., Olsen, C., Leonard, J., Jaffe, D., Leonard, J., & Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network C-Spine Study Group. (2009, October). Utility of plain radiographs in detecting traumatic injuries of the cervical spine in children. Proceedings of the American Academy of Pediatrics National Conference and Exhibition; 2009 Oct 16; Washington, DC.
Kim, E., Brown, K., Leonard, J., Jaffe, D., Olsen, C., Kuppermann, N., & Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) C-Spine Study Group. (2009, October). Method of spinal immobilization in children <2 years old at risk for cervical spine injury (CSI). Proceedings of the American Academy of Pediatrics National Conference and Exhibition; 2009 Oct 16; Washington, DC.
Lichenstein, R., Glass, T., Quayle, K., Lu, T., Badawy, M., Atabaki, S., Holmes, J., & Kuppermann, N. (2009, May). Outcomes of children with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) on CT scans after blunt head trauma (BHT). Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Pediatric Academic Societies; 2009 May 2-5; Baltimore, MD and the Annual Meeting of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine; 2009 May 14-17; New Orleans, LA.
Leonard, J., Kuppermann, N., Olsen, C., Brown, K., Cimpello, L., Mahajan, P., & Jaffe, D. (2009, May). Age-related differences in risk factors associated with cervical spine injury (CSI) in children. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Pediatric Academic Societies; 2009 May 2-5; Baltimore, MD and the Annual Meeting of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine; 2009 May 14-17; New Orleans, LA.
Olsen, C., Jaffe, D., Kuppermann, N., Holubkov, R., Brown, K., Cimpello, L., Mahajan, P., & Leonard, J. (2009, May). Inter-observer agreement for clinical findings in children at risk of cervical spine injury. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Pediatric Academic Societies; 2009 May 2-5; Baltimore, MD and the Annual Meeting of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine; 2009 May 14-17; New Orleans, LA.
Leonard, J., Kuppermann, N., Olsen, C., Brown, K., Cimpello, L., Mahajan, P., & Jaffe, D. (2009, May). Predicting C-spine injury (CSI) in children: a case-control analysis. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Pediatric Academic Societies; 2009 May 2-5; Baltimore, MD and the Annual Meeting of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine; 2009 May 14-17; New Orleans, LA.
Borgialli, D., Mahajan, P., Hoyle, J., Powell, E., Nadel, F., Dong, L., Holmes, J., & Kuppermann, N. (2009, May). Performance of the pediatric Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score in the evaluation of children with blunt head trauma (BHT). Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Pediatric Academic Societies; 2009 May 2-5; Baltimore, MD and the Annual Meeting of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine; 2009 May 14-17; New Orleans, LA.
Lillis, K., Leonard, J., Brown, K., Babcock-Cimpello, L., Mann, N., Singh, T., Tunik, M., Dayan, P., & Foltin, G. (2009, January). EMS survey among hospitals within PECARN. Proceedings of the National Association of EMS Physicians (NAEMSP) Annual Meeting; 2009 Jan 22-24; Jacksonville, FL.
Lee, L., Dayan, P., Gerardi, M., Borgialli, D., Badawy, M., Callahan, J., Lillis, K., Stanley, R., Gorelick, M., Holubkov, R., Zuspan, S., Holmes, J., Kuppermann, N., & Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) TBI Study Group. (2008, October). Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) after trauma in children with bleeding disorders. Proceedings of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) National Conference and Exhibition; 2008 Oct 11-14; Boston, MA.
Dayan, P., Holmes, J., Schutzman, S., Schunk, J., Lichenstein, R., Forester, L., Hoyle, J., Atabaki, S., Dong, L., Holubkov, R., Wisner, D., Kuppermann, N., & TBI Study Group of the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network. (2008, October). Association of traumatic brain injuries (TBI) with scalp hematoma characteristics in patients (PTS) younger than 24 months who sustain blunt head trauma (BHT). Proceedings of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) National Conference and Exhibition; 2008 Oct 11-14; Boston, MA.
Lillis, K., Atabaki, S., Dayan, P., Hoyle, J., Tunik, M., Jacobs, E., Monroe, D., Mahajan, P., Wootton-Gorges, S., Dean, J., Holubkov, R., Holmes, J., Kuppermann, N., & Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network TBI Study Group. (2008, October). The prevalence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) after blunt head trauma (BHT) in children with ventricular shunts (VS). Proceedings of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) National Conference and Exhibition; 2008 Oct 11-14; Boston, MA.
Hoyle, J. J., Callahan, J., Badawy, M., Powell, E., Jacobs, E., Gerardi, M., Melville, K., Dean, J., Holmes, J., Dayan, P., Kuppermann, N., & Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network TBI Study Group. (2008, May 3). Sedation for cranial CT in children with minor blunt head trauma. Proceedings of The.

Presentations

Trainor, J., Glaser, N., Tzimenatos, L., Stoner, M., Brown, K., McManemy, J., Schunk, J., Quayle, K., Nigrovic, L., Garro, A., Rewers, A., Myers, S., Bennett, J., Olsen, C., Casper, C., & Ghetti, S. (2021, May 3). Clinical and Laboratory Predictors of Dehydration Severity in Children with Diabetic Ketoacidosis. PAS 2021 Virtual Meeting.
Kuppermann, N., Dayan, P., Atabaki, S., Bogie, A., Cator, A., Cohen, D., Cruz, A., Glissmeyer, E., Leetch, A., Mistry, R., Nigrovic, L., Park, G., Pickett, M., Powell, E., Schnadower, D., Tzimenatos, L., Balamuth, F., Ellison, A., Quayle, K., … PECARN. (2021, May 3). Validation of a Prediction Rule for Serious Bacterial Infections in Febrile Infants ≤ 60 Days-old. PAS 2021 Virtual Meeting.
Kuppermann, N., Dayan, P., Vitale, M., Ruddy, R., Quayle, K., Ellison, A., Balamuth, F., Tzimenatos, L., Schnadower, D., Powell, E., Picket, M., Park, G., Nigrovic, L., Mistry, R., Leetch, A., Glissmeyer, E., Cruz, A., Cohen, D., Cator, A., … Febrile Infant Working Group of the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN). (2021, May 3). Does Respiratory Viral Detection Improve the Performance of the PECARN Prediction Rule for Serious Bacterial Infections in Febrile Infants ≤ 60 Days-old? PAS 2021 Virtual Meeting.
Dowshen N,  Reed J, Casper C, Augustine E, Cruz A, Mollen C, Pickett M, Schmidt S, Stukus K, Elsholz, C; Ellis, K; Goyal MK. (2021, May 2). Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on ED Management of STIs. [Poster]. PAS 2021 Virtual Meeting.
Browne, L., Lerner, E., Studnek, J., Mann, N., Dai, M., Hoffman, C., Adelgais, K., Brown, K., Gaither, J., Leonard, J., Martin-Gill, C., Nishijima, D., Owusu Ansah, S., & Shah, M. (2021, May 2). A Novel Use of NEMSIS To Create a PECARN-Specific EMS Patient Registry. PAS 2021 Virtual Meeting.
Nishijima, D., VanBuren, J., Stanley, R., Hewes, H., Myers, S., Bobinski, M., Tran, N., Barnhard, S., Ghetti, S., Adelson, P., Roberts, I., Holmes, J., Schalick III, W., Casper, T., Kuppermann, N., & TIC-TOC Collaborators of the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN). (2021, May 2). Traumatic Injury Clinical Trial Evaluating Tranexamic Acid in Children (TIC-TOC): A Pilot Trial. PAS 2021 Virtual Meeting.
Nishijima, D., Adelgais, K., Chadha, K., Chang, T., Gaither, J., Harris, M., Lerner, B., Leonard, J., Linakis, S., Lowe, G., Magill, C., Schwartz, H., Shah, M., & Browne, L. (2021, May 1). Impact of Race and Ethnicity on EMS Administration of Opioid Pain Medications for Injured Children. PAS 2021 Virtual Meeting.
Kuppermann, N., Dayan, P., Atabaki, S., Bogie, A., Cator, A., Cohen, D., Cruz, A., Glissmeyer, E., Leetch, A., Mistry, R., Nigrovic, L., Park, G., Pickett, M., Powell, E., Schnadower, D., Tzimenatos, L., Balamuth, F., Ellison, A., Quayle, K., … Mahajan, P. (2020, October 4). Validation of a prediction rule for serious bacterial infections (SBIs) in febrile infants <60 days in a multicenter network. AAP Virtual National Conference 2020.
Myers, S., Glaser, N., Trainor, J., Nigrovic, L., Garro, A., Tzimenatos, L., Quayle, K., Kwok, M., Rewers, A., Stoner, M., Schunk, J., McManemy, J., Brown, K., DePiero, A., Olsen, C., Casper, T., Ghetti, S., & Kuppermann, N. (2020, October 4). Frequency, Risk Factors and Associations of Acute Kidney Injury During Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Children. AAP Virtual National Conference 2020.
Mahajan, P., Tzimenatos, L., Cruz, A., Vitale, M., Powell, E., Leetch, A., Pickett, M., Nigrovic, L. E., Dayan, P., Atabaki, S., Ruddy, R., Rogers, A., Greenberg, R., Alpern, E., Grisanti, K., Gattu, R., Crain, E., Borgialli, D., Bonsu, B., … Kuppermann, N. (2020, October 4). Prevalence of bacteremia and meningitis in febrile infants ≤ 60 days with positive urinalyses in a multicenter network. AAP Virtual National Conference 2020.
Trainor, J., Glaser, N., Tzimenatos, L., Stoner, M., Brown, K., McManemy, J., Schunk, J., Quayle, K., Nigrovic, L., Garro, A., Rewers, A., Myers, S., Bennett, J., Kwok, M., Olsen, C., Casper, T., Ghetti, S., & Kuppermann, N. (2020, October 4). Clinical and Laboratory Predictors of Dehydration Severity in Children with Diabetic Ketoacidosis. AAP Virtual National Conference 2020.
Kuppermann, N. (2020, August 26). Pediatric DKA and cerebral injury: Mythbusting using a bench to bedside approach. Don’t Forget the Bubbles (DFTB), London, UK.
Nishijima, D., Stanley, R., Hewes, H., Myers, S., Adelson, P., VanBuren, J., Casper, T., & Kuppermann, N. (2020, May 12). Enrollment With and Without Federal Exception From Informed Consent Procedures for a Pediatric Trauma Trial [Accepted abstract]. Society for Academic Emergency Medicine (SAEM) 2020 Meeting.
Myers, S., Glaser, N., Trainor, J., Nigrovic, L., Garro, A., Tzimenatos, L., Quayle, K., Kwok, M., Rewers, A., Stoner, M., Schunk, J., McManemy, J., Brown, K., DePiero, A., Olsen, C., Casper, T., Ghetti, S., & Kuppermann, N. (2020, May 12). Frequency, Risk Factors, and Associations of Acute Kidney Injury in Pediatric Diabetic Ketoacidosis [Accepted abstract]. Society for Academic Emergency Medicine (SAEM) 2020 Meeting.
Mahajan, P., Tzimenatos, L., Cruz, A., Vitale, M., Powell, E., Leetch, A., Pickett, M., Richards, R., VanBuren, J., Ramilo, O., & Kuppermann, N. (2020, May 12). Prevalence of Bacteremia and Meningitis in Febrile Infants ≤ 60 Days With Positive Urinalyses [Accepted abstract]. Society for Academic Emergency Medicine (SAEM) 2020 Meeting.
Magill, C., Linakis, S., Harris, M., Brazauskas, R., Shah, M., Nishijima, D., Lowe, G., Chadha, K., Chang, T., Lerner, E., Leonard, J., Adelgais, K., Gaither, J., & Browne, L. (2020, May 12). Factors That Impact Prehospital Pain Management in Injured Children [Accepted abstract]. Society for Academic Emergency Medicine (SAEM) 2020 Meeting.
Linakis, S., Magill, C., Harris, M., Brazauskas, R., Chadha, K., Chang, T., Gaither, J., Lowe, G., Nishijima, D., Shah, M., Lerner, E., Adelgais, K., Leonard, J., & Browne, L. (2020, May 12). Prehospital Non-Pharmacologic Pain Management in Injured Children [Accepted abstract]. Society for Academic Emergency Medicine (SAEM) 2020 Meeting.
Kuppermann, N., Dayan, P., VanBuren, J., Casper, T., Ramilo, O., & Mahajan, P. (2020, May 12). Validation of a Prediction Rule for Febrile Infants ≤ 60 Days in a Multicenter Network [Accepted abstract]. Society for Academic Emergency Medicine (SAEM) 2020 Meeting.
Harris, M., Linakis, S., Magill, C., Brazauskas, R., Shah, M., Nishijima, D., Lowe, G., Chadha, K., Chang, T., Gaither, J., Lerner, E., Adelgais, K., Leonard, J., & Browne, L. (2020, May 12). Impact of Prehospital Opioid Administration on Emergency Department Care for Injured Children [Accepted abstract]. Society for Academic Emergency Medicine (SAEM) 2020 Meeting.
Nishijima, D., Gosdin, M., Naz, H., Tancredi, D., Hewes, H., Myers, S., Stanley, R., Adelson, P., Burd, R., Finkelstein, Y., VanBuren, J., Casper, T., & Kuppermann, N. (2020, May 5). Assessment of Primary Outcome Measures for a Clinical Trial of Pediatric Hemorrhagic Injuries [Accepted abstract]. Pediatric Academic Societies (PAS) 2020 Meeting.
Linakis, S., Leonard, J., Magill, C., Harris, M., Brazauskas, R., Browne, L., Chadha, K., Lerner, E., Chang, T., Lowe, G., Nishijima, D., Shah, M., Adelais, K., & Gaither, J. (2020, May 5). Prehospital Non-Pharmacologic Pain Management in Injured Children [Accepted abstract]. Pediatric Academic Societies (PAS) 2020 Meeting.
Ghetti, S., Kuppermann, N., Myers, S., Schunk, J., Olsen, C., Casper, T., Stoner, M., Garro, A., Quayle, K., Brown, K., Trainor, J., Tzimenatos, L., DePiero, A., McManemy, J., Nigrovic, L., Kwok, M., Rewers, A., & Perry, C. (2020, May 4). Severe Diabetic Ketoacidosis is Associated with Cognitive Deficits in Children [Accepted abstract]. Pediatric Academic Societies (PAS) 2020 Meeting.
Nishijima, D., Stanley, R., Hewes, H., Myers, S., Adelson, P., VanBuren, J., Casper, T., & Kuppermann, N. (2020, May 3). Enrollment With and Without Federal Exception From Informed Consent Procedures for a Pediatric Trauma Trial [Accepted Abstract]. Pediatric Academic Societies (PAS) 2020 Meeting.
Myers, S., Trainor, J., Garro, A., Quayle, K., Brown, K., DePiero, A., Schunk, J., Olsen, C., Casper, T., Glaser, N., Tzimenatos, L., Ghetti, S., Kuppermann, N., Nigrovic, L., Kwok, M., Rewers, A., Stoner, M., & McManemy, J. (2020, May 3). Frequency, Risk Factors and Associations of Acute Kidney Injury During Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Children [Accepted abstract]. Pediatric Academic Societies (PAS) 2020 Meeting.
Magill, C., Brazauskas, R., Browne, L., Linakis, S., Leonard, J., Harris, M., Shah, M., Lowe, G., Chang, T., Lerner, E., Adelgais, K., Nishijima, D., Chadha, K., & Gaither, J. (2020, May 3). Factors that Impact Prehospital Pain Management in Injured Children [Accepted Abstract]. Pediatric Academic Societies (PAS) 2020 Meeting.
DePiero, A., Kuppermann, N., Ghetti, S., Brown, K., Schunk, J., Olsen, C., Casper, T., McManemy, J., Rewers, A., Stoner, M., Tzimenatos, L., Garro, A., Myers, S., Quayle, K., Trainor, J., Kwok, M., Nigrovic, L., & Glaser, N. (2020, May 3). Hemodynamic Alterations in Children with Diabetic Ketoacidosis [Accepted Abstract]. Pediatric Academic Societies (PAS) 2020 Meeting.
Dayan, P., Atabaki, S., Bogie, A., Cator, A., Mahajan, P., Cohen, D., Cruz, A., Glissmeyer, E., VanBuren, J., Leetch, A., Mistry, R., Nigrovic, L., Park, G., Pickett, M., Powell, E., Schnadower, D., Balamuth, F., Ellison, A., Quayle, K., … Tzimenatos, L. (2020, May 3). Validation of a Prediction Rule for Serious Bacterial Infections (SBIs) in Febrile Infants ≤ 60 Days in a Multicenter Network [Accepted Abstract]. Pediatric Academic Societies (PAS) 2020 Meeting.
Mahajan, P., Borgialli, D., Cator, A., Cruz, A., Vitale, M., Leetch, A., Pickett, M., Brayer, A., Nigrovic, L. E., Atabaki, S., Ruddy, R., Rogers, A. J., Powell, E., Alpern, E., Anders, J., Browne, L., Jaffe, D., Bennett, J., Schnadower, D., … Kuppermann, N. (2020, May 2). Prevalence of Bacteremia and Meningitis in Febrile Infants ≤ 60 Days With Positive Urinalyses in a Multicenter Network. Pediatric Academic Societies (PAS) 2020 Meeting.
Nishijima, D., VanBuren, J., Hewes, H., Stanley, R., Tran, N., Barnhard, S., Ghetti, S., Bobinski, M., Adelson, D., Roberts, I., Holmes, J., Tzimenatos, L., Schalick, W., Dean, J. M., & Kuppermann, N. (2019, November). Traumatic Injury Clinical Trial Evaluating Tranexamic Acid (TXA) in Children (TIC-TOC): A Pilot and Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial [Presentation]. 6th Annual Meeting of the Pediatric Trauma Society, San Diego, CA.
Kuppermann, N. (2019, November). Trauma Research in the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) and the PECARN TXA Trial. 6th Annual Meeting of the Pediatric Trauma Society, San Diego, CA.
Johnson, T. (2019, October). ABCs: The Impact of Educational Inequalities in Academic, Behavioral, and Child Health Outcomes [Invited Panel Presentation]. AAP Provisional Section on Minority Health, Equity and Inclusion Inaugural Educational Program.
Nishijima, D. (2019, October). Traumatic Injury Clinical Trial Evaluating Tranexamic Acid (TXA) in Children (TIC-TOC): A Pilot and Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial. Trial Innovation Network.
Rewers, A., Kuppermann, N., Ghetti, S., Schunk, J., Stoner, M., Rewers, A., McManemy, J., Myers, S., Ligrovic, L., Garro, A., Brown, K., Quayle, K., Trainor, J., Bennett, J., DePiero, A., Tzimenatos, L., Kwok, M., Perry, C., Dean, J., … Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN). (2019, June 7). Effects of Fluid Rehydration Strategy on Correction of Acidosis and Electrolyte Abnormalities in Children with Diabetic Ketoacidosis. American Diabetes Association Scientific Session, 2019 June 7-11.  San Francisco, CA.
Balamuth, F., Kittick, M., McBride, P., Woodford, A., Vestal, N., Casper, T., Metheney, M., Smith, K., Atkin, N., Baren, J., Dean, J., Kuppermann, N., & Weiss, S. (2019, April 30). PRagMatic Pediatric Trial of Balanced versus nOrmal Saline FlUid in Sepsis: The PRoMPT BOLUS Pilot Feasibility Study. Pediatric Academic Societies’ Annual Meeting. 2019 April 30. Baltimore, MD.
Mahajan, P. (2019, April 29). Role of viruses in the febrile infant with suspected bacterial infection [Hot Topic/Topic Symposia]. Pediatric Academic Societies’ Annual Meeting. 29 April 2019, Baltimore, MD.
Ramilo, O. (2019, April 29). Children with community acquired pneumonia: what is the role of respiratory viruses? [Hot Topic/Topic Symposium]. Pediatric Academic Societies, 29 April 2019, Baltimore, MD.
Rogers, A., Arango, A., McGuire, T., Gipson, P., Hong, V., Herzog, N., Flechsig, C., Sobell, F., Buhay, N., & King, C. (2019, April 29). Adolescent and Parent Reported Warning Signs for Acute Suicide Attempts [Poster presentation]. Pediatric Academic Societies’ Annual Meeting. 29 April 2019, Baltimore, MD.
Diaz, A., Bunsow, E., Garcia-Maurini, C., Mertz, S., Salamon, D., Leber, A., Ramilo, O., & Majias, A. (2019, April 28). Synergistic Interactions of S. pneumoniae (Spn) and H. influenzae (Hi) in Infants with Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Infection [Poster presentation]. Pediatric Academic Societies, 28 April 2019. Baltimore, MD.
Kuppermann, N., & Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN. (2019, April 28). Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN). [Panel Discussion]. Pediatric Academic Societies’ Annual Meeting. 28 April 2019, Baltimore, MD.
Ramilo, O. (2019, April 28). Infectious Diseases: Pneumonia Etiology. Value of Current Diagnostic Approaches [Hot Topic/Topic Symposium]. Pediatric Academic Societies, 28 April 2019. Baltimore, MD.
Jaramillo, L., Wallihan, Mejias, A., & Ramilo, O. (2019, April 28). Children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) demonstrate a distinct transcriptome profile [Poster presentation]. Pediatric Academic Societies, 28 April 2019. Baltimore, MD.
Jamal, A., Finkelstein, Y., Kuppermann, N., et al, Schuh, S., & Pediatric Emergency Research Networks (PERN). (2019, April 27). Pharmacotherapy in Bronchiolitis at Emergency Department Discharge: A Pediatric Emergency Research Networks (PERN) Retrospective Analysis. Pediatric Academic Societies’ Annual Meeting, 2019 April 27. Baltimore, MD.
Tsze, D., Cruz, A., Mistry, R., Gonzalez, A., Ochs, J., Richer, L., Kuppermann, N., & Dayan, P. (2019, April 27). Interobserver Agreement of Clinical Findings in Children with Headaches. Pediatric Academic Societies’ Annual Meeting, 2019 April 27. Baltimore, MD.
Ramgopal, S., Janofsky, S., Zuckerbraun, N., Ramilo, O., Mahajan, P., Kuppermann, N., & Vitale, M. (2018, November). Risk of Serious Bacterial Infections in Infants ≤60 Days of Age Presenting to the Emergency Department with a History of Fever Only. American Academy of Pediatrics Annual Meeting; 2018 November. Orlando, FL.
Mahajan, P., Ramilo, O., Kuppermann, N., & Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) Febrile Infant Working Group. (2018, May 5). Transcriptomics to Improve the Diagnosis of Young Febrile Infants [Poster presentation]. Pediatric Academic Societies, 2018 May 5-8; Toronto, Canada.
Camp, E., Cruz, A., & Shenoi, R. (2018, May 5). The Association of Likely Obesity and Intra-Abdominal Injuries in Pediatric Patients Enrolled in the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) Study [Poster presentation]. Pediatric Academic Societies Meeting; 2018 May 5-8; Toronto, Canada.
Schnadower, D., Tarr, P., Casper, T., Gorelick, M., Dean, J., O’Connell, K., Mahajan, P., Levine, A., Bhatt, S., Roskind, C., Powell, E., Rogers, A., Vance, C., Sapien, R., Olsen, C., Metheney, M., Dickey, V., & Freedman, S. (2018, May 5). Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG versus Placebo for the Treatment of Acute Gastroenteritis in Children Presenting to Emergency Departments.  The PECARN Probiotic Trial [Platform presentation]. Pediatric Academic Societies Meeting; 2018 May 5-8; Toronto, Canada.
Trappey, A., Stephenson, J., Nishijima, D., Hewes, H., Myers, S., Stanley, R., Kuppermann, N., Traumatic Injury Clinical Trial Evaluating Tranexamic Acid in Children (TIC-TOC), & Collaborators of the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN). (2018, May 5). Development of Transfusion Guidelines for Injured Children Using a Modified Delphi Consensus Process [Poster presentation]. Pediatric Academic Societies, 2018 May 5-8; Toronto, Canada.
Goyal, M., Drendel, A., Johnson, T., Chamberlain, J., Cook, L., Olsen, C., Bajaj, L., Grundmeier, R., & Alpern, E. (2018, April 29). Racial Differences in Prescribed Outpatient Management of Pain Among Children with Long Bone Fractures in Pediatric Emergency Departments [Poster session]. Pediatric Academic Societies’ Meeting, 2018 April 29.  Baltimore, MD.
Balamuth, F., Scott, H., Weiss, S., Webb, M., Chamberlain, J., Bajab, L., Depinet, H., Cook, L., Simon, N., Deakyne, S., Davies, S., Grundmeier, R., & Alpern, E. (2018, April 28). Validation of the Pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score and Evaluation of Sepsis-3 Definitions in the Pediatric Emergency Department [Platform presentation]. Pediatric Academic Societies’ Meeting, 2018 April 28.  Baltimore, MD.

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